Zusammenfassung
Anliegen: Spezifizierung der bei Menschen mit Intelligenzminderung (IM) häufig auftretenden
Verhaltensstörungen (VS).
Methode: Bei Menschen mit IM, VS und diskrepanter emotionaler Entwicklung (n = 9) werden durch
standardisierte Verhaltensanalysen spezifische Störungsbilder herausgearbeitet und
mit einer Kontrollgruppe verglichen.
Ergebnis: Blockaden der emotionalen Entwicklung können zu (1) Kontaktstörungen, (2) desintegrierten
und (3) desorganisierten VS führen.
Schlussfolgerungen: Bei der Diagnostik und Therapie von VS sollte die emotionale Entwicklungsstörung in
Betracht gezogen werden.
Abstract
Objective: To specify frequently observed challenging behavior in adults with ID.
Methods: In a sample of individuals with ID and severe behavioral problems (n = 9), we assessed
their emotional developmental level using Dosen’s Scheme for Appraisal of Emotional
Development. The clinical characteristics following the arrest of emotional development
at various levels were evaluated by standardized behavioral assessments. The results
were compared to a control group matched for sex, age, level of ID, and presence of
autism spectrum disorder.
Results: We observed 3 categories of emotional developmental disorder: (1) Contact disorder
(arrest in adaptation phase, 0 – 6 months, showing self injury, social withdrawal,
stereotyped behaviors); (2) disintegrated disorder (arrest in socialization phase,
6 – 18 months, showing high irritability and aggression), and (3) disorganized disorder
(arrest in individuation phase, 18 – 36 months, showing hyperactivity and attention
seeking behavior).
The individuals with emotional developmental disorders showed a significant increase
in challenging behavior when compared to the control group, especially in terms of
hyperactivity, irritability, and overall aggression, and were more often unemployed.
Conclusions: Emotional developmental disorders may lead to severe behavioral problems.
Schlüsselwörter
Intelligenzminderung - Verhaltensstörung - psychische Erkrankung - emotionale Entwicklung
- Diagnostik
Keywords
intellectual disability - challenging behavior - mental disorder - emotional development
- diagnostics